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About Peru
General Information

   
   
 

 

  Capital City
 

Lima

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  Departments / Regions  
 

Peru is divided into 24 departments / regions.

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  Surface Area
 

With an area of 1,285,215 square km (496,223 sq miles), Peru is the third-largest country in South America after Brazil and Argentina, ranking it amongst the world's 20 largest nations. Peru also holds sway over the sea up to 200 miles from the Peruvian coast and has territorial rights to an area of 60 million hectares in the Antarctic.

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  Population
 

28,674,757 inhabitants

  • Urban: 72,3 %
  • Rural: 27,7 %

    Peru is a nation of mixed ethnic origins. Throughout its history, Peru has been the meeting ground for different nations and cultures. The indigenous population was joined 500 years ago by the Spaniards.
    As a result of this encounter, and later enriched by the migration of African blacks, Asians and Europeans, Peruvian man emerged as the representative of a nation whose rich ethnic mix is one of its leading characteristics.

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      Language
     
  • Spanish (official): 80,3%
  • Quechua (official): 16,2%
  • Other languages (Aymara): 3,0%
  • Foreign languages: 0,2%

    As part of its rich cultural tradition, Peru features many different languages. Although Spanish is commonly spoken across the country, Quechua is a major legacy of the Inca empire, and is still spoken with regional dialects in many parts of the Mountains of Peru. In addition, other languages are spoken such as Aymara (in Puno) and a startling variety of dialects in the Amazon jungle, which are divided up into 15 linguistic families and 43 different languages.

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      Currency
     

    The official currency in Peru is the Nuevo Sol (S/.), which is divided into 100 centimos. The currency includes coins for 5, 10, 20 and 50 centimos and 1, 2 and 5 sol coins. There are bills in the denomination of 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 Nuevos Soles.

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      Government
     

    Peru is a democratic republic. The president and members of Congress are elected every five years by universal suffrage. The current constitutional president of Peru is Alan Garcia Perez (2006-2011) and the Prime Minister (head of government) is Jorge Del Castillo.

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      Major Industries
     

    Mining, Steel, Oil & Gas, Fish processing, Textiles, Agroindustry and Tourism.

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      Religion
     
  • Roman Catholic: 89,03%
  • Evangelical: 6,73%
  • Other religions: 2,56%
  • Any Religion: 1.65%

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      Public Holidays
     

    National public holidays in Peru include:

  • New Year's Day (Jan 1)
  • Three Kings Day (Jan 6)
  • Maundy Thursday and Good Friday (Easter week, Mar or Apr)
  • Labor Day (May 1)
  • Fiestas Patrias (July 28-29)
  • Battle of Angamos (Oct 8)
  • All Saints' Day (Nov 1)
  • Feast of the Immaculate Conception (Dec 8)
  • Christmas (Dec 24-25)

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      Communications
     
  • Telephony
    Peru features an ample telephone network that provides services for national and international long-distance calls from private telephone lines and public cabins. There are also 12 million active cellular phones nationwide.
    To call from foreign countries, one must dial 00 + 51 + (city code) + telephone number.

  • Internet Access
    A number of service providers across the country has given public access to Internet. Known in Peru as Cabinas Internet, the average cost of an hour's connection is S/.3.50 (US$1.00).

  • Airports
    Peru has 14 airports equipped to receive commercial flights and 10 ready for international flights: Lima, Arequipa, Chiclayo, Pisco, Pucallpa, Iquitos, Cusco, Trujillo, Tacna and Juliaca. Moreover, there are 17 airlines operating international flights and 7 airline companies offering domestic flights.

  • Ports
    Peru's largest port is Callao, outside Lima. Other major ports include Paita, Salaverry, Chimbote, Callao, Pisco, Ilo and Matarani.

  • Roads
    The main roads running down the length of the country are the Pan-American Highway or Panamericana (from North to South). Cutting inland is the Central Highway, which starts out in Lima and runs up to the central highlands, climbing through the high mountain pass of Ticlio (Kilometer 132), which at 4,818 meters above sea level is also the world's highest railway pass. From here, the road descends to the towns of La Oroya and Tarma, continuing down to the Chanchamayo jungle valley in the department of Junin.

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